Explore how backward induction helps solve game theory problems by working from the end backward to determine optimal actions ...

Most people think about pain as a simple cause-and-effect process. For example, if you touch a hot stove, you probably assume that the nerves in the skin feel how hot the stove is and signals are sent ...

A few years ago the city council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in a bowl because ...

In 1971, Robert J. House, Ph.D., of the Wharton School of Management, developed an organizational management theory referred to as path-goal leadership. This method of guiding employees stresses that ...

A scientific theory is a structured explanation to explain a group of facts or phenomena in the natural world that often incorporates a scientific hypothesis and scientific laws. The scientific ...

No need for niches? Neutral theory explains biodiversity when species are identical. Niche differences, or the unique ways that each species “makes its living” in nature, are the classical explanation ...

To a large extent, the human infant is socialized through the acquisition of a specific cognitive mechanism known as theory of mind (ToM), a term which is currently used to explain a related set of ...

When asked the question, "What is a theory?" most of my students (regardless of age or educational level) respond with an explanation that is akin to "a reasonable, educated/informed guess." Indeed, ...

Theory of mind is typically defined as the ability to understand the thoughts, beliefs, desires, and emotions of other people. This understanding allows individuals to predict how others will feel, ...

Suppose you are helping your friend search for their missing phone and while they are looking around another room, you find it behind some cushions. When they return, you seize the opportunity to play ...