Thin films form the basis of many industries today, including semiconductors, electric vehicles, smart optical coatings, sophisticated medical equipment, and protective layers on high-temperature ...

Measuring stress involves assessing a person’s physiological responses to stressors and, to a lesser extent, understanding the possible triggers for stress. Measuring stress may help a person or their ...

Lithium-ion battery optimization and safety are crucial to reducing cell aging. In this case, one of the most important elements is the particle size of the bioactive constituents such as cathode, ...

To give crystallographers a reference for calibrating instruments, the National Institute of Standards and Technology developed a measuring device or “meter stick” good down to a femtometer (or ...